"One Piece" is a narrative built on layers of foreshadowing and mystery, with major twists completely re-contextualizing the story. A central mystery is the Void Century, a 100-year period erased from history by the founders of the World Government. The true history is inscribed on Poneglyphs, which Nico Robin seeks to decipher.
The leader of the World Government is not the Five Elders, but a secret, shadowy figure named Imu, who sits on the Empty Throne, the symbolic center of the world. Imu's existence reveals that the world's supposed balance of power is a facade for a single, totalitarian ruler.
One of the most significant twists is the true nature of Luffy's Devil Fruit. For over 1000 episodes, it was known as the Paramecia-type Gum-Gum Fruit. During his fight with Kaido, it is revealed to be the Mythical Zoan-type Human-Human Fruit, Model: Nika. This fruit allows the user to embody the 'Sun God' Nika, a legendary warrior of liberation from the Void Century, granting him a cartoonish, reality-bending fighting style in his awakened 'Gear 5' form. This reveal repositions Luffy from a boy who stumbled upon a random power to a figure of destiny, the inheritor of the will of Joy Boy, another legendary figure from the Void Century who promised to return.
Other major plot twists include: Portgas D. Ace is the son of the Pirate King, Gol D. Roger; Sanji is a prince from the militaristic Germa Kingdom (the Vinsmoke family); Kuma, who seemingly defeated the Straw Hats at Sabaody, was actually saving them by sending them to places where they could train; and the treasure of the Celestial Dragons is revealed to be the secret to eternal youth, granted by the Op-Op Fruit. The final saga reveals that the ancient weapons Pluton, Poseidon, and Uranus are real, with Poseidon being the Mermaid Princess Shirahoshi. The 'One Piece' treasure itself is heavily implied to be something that will turn the world upside down, a truth so powerful it will incite a final, world-encompassing war that will fulfill Joy Boy's promise.